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Citations

How to cite the sources that you use in your work

Conferences in APA

Format for a Presentation:

Presenter, F. M. (Year, Month Day). Title of contribution [Description]. Title of symposium/conference, Location. URL if available 

Example:

Edwards, D. (2020, Nov. 17). Oral history metadata: Lessons from a wildfire oral history [Poster presentation]. AMIA 2020, online.  http://www.amiaconference.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Tuesday-3019-A1.png

Note that the description of contribution can include the following- 

  • Conference session
  • Paper presentation
  • Poster presentation

Format for an Individual Presentation in a Larger Symposium or Panel:

Contributor, F. M. (Date). Title of contribution. In F. M. Chairperson & F. Chairperson (Chairs), Title of larger symposium or panel [Description]. Title of symposium or conference, Location. URL if available

Example:

De Boer, D., & LaFavor, T. (2018, April 26-29). The art and significance of successfully identifying resilient individuals: A person-focused approach. In A. M. Schmidt & A. Kryvanos (Chairs), Perspectives on resilience: Conceptualization, measurement, and enhancement [Symposium]. Western Psychological Association 98th Annual Convention, Portland, OR, United States.


Format for Published Conference Proceedings in a Journal:

To cite a paper presentation from conference proceedings published in a journal, follow the same APA format in journal articles.


Format for Conference Proceedings Published as a Book Chapter:

Author, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of contribution. In E. Editor & F. Lastname (Eds.), Title of conference proceedings (pages). Publisher. URL if available 

Example:

Mower, A. M., James, M. A., Soehner, C., Hunt, M., Heyborne, D., & Clayton, J. (2015). One library's successful venture in providing comprehensive streaming media services. In B. R. Bernhardt, L. H. Hinds, & K. P. Strauch (Eds.), Where do we go from here?: Charleston conference proceedings, 2015 (pp. 106-113). Purdue University Press.


Format for Published Conference Proceedings as a Whole Book:

Editor, F. M. & Lastname, F. M. (Eds.). (Year). Conference proceedings title. Publisher. URL if available

Example:

Lytras, M. D., Ordonez De Pablos, P., Ziderman, A., Roulstone, A., Maurer, H., & Imber, J. B., (Eds.). (2010). Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2010, Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part 1. Springer. 

Webinars in APA

Format for a Live Webinar:

Cite live webinars as personal communications if recording is not available.

(F. Lastname, personal communication, Date of communication)


Format for a Recorded Webinar:

Presenter, F. M. (Year). Title of webinar [Webinar]. Name of organization. URL

Example:

Shapiro, S. P. (2019). Speaking for the dying: Life-and-death decisions in intensive care [webinar]. Michigan State University. https://bioethics.msu.edu/recorded-webinars-off-campus/90-webinars/375-shapiro-nov-13-2019

In-Text Citations for APA

Provide the last name of the presenter, contributor, editor, or instructor with the year:

  • (Edwards, 2020)
  • (Mower et al., 2015)

Conferences in MLA

Format for a Presentation:

Speaker name. "Title of speech." Title of Conference or Meeting, Name of Organization, Date, Name of Venue, City, State. Type of presentation.

Note: Include the name of the city if it's not included in the venue's name.  

Example:

Kendrick, Laura. "Chaucer and Deschamps." Biennial London Chaucer Conference: Chaucer and Europe, Institute of English Studies, 28 June 2019, Bridewell Hall, St. Bride Foundation, London, England. Keynote Address.


Format for a Panel Discussion or Question-and-Answer Session:

Speaker name, panelist if formally listed as. Title or Panel discussion. Title of conference or event, Date, Name of Venue, City, State.

Note: If recorded online, cite the recording according to its container. If recorded as a video, cite it like a video. If recorded as a podcast, cite it as a podcast.

Example:

Ngam, Candace Chong Mui, et al. "Playwright Panel Discussion Fall 2020." Columbia University School of the Arts International Play Reading Festival from Columbia University, 25 Oct. 2020, https://www.buzzsprout.com/1314145/6157330. 


Format for a Presentation from Published Conference Proceedings:

Presenter name. "Conference Paper Title." Conference Title Including Conference Date and Location, edited by Conference Editor name(s), Publisher, Date of Publication, Pages.

Example:

Cangas, Adolfo J., et al. "The Applications of Mindfulness with Students of Secondary School: Results on the Academic Performance, Self-concept and Anxiety." Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2010, Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part 1, edited by Miltiadis D. Lytras et al., Springer, 2010, pp. 83-97.


Format for Published Conference Proceedings as a Whole Book:

Editor name, editor. Conference Title, Conference Date and Location, Publisher, Date of Publication.

Note: Cite the published conference proceedings like you would a book. If the conference's date and location are not included in the published title, add the information after the published proceedings title.  

Example:

Lytras, Miltiadis D., et al., editors. Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2010, Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part 1, 1st ed. 2010. ed., Springer, 2010. 

Webinars in MLA

Format for a Live Webinar:

Presenter name. Title of webinar. Name of organization, Date. Webinar.

Example:

Harold, Claudrena. Soundtrack for a Revolution: Pop Music and Protest Tradition in America. National Humanities Center, 3 Sept. 2020. Webinar.


Format for a Recorded Webinar:

Presenter name. Title of webinar. Name of organization, Date recording was posted, URL.

Example:

Gibson, Angela. MLA Style 101. Modern Language Association, 30 Aug. 2017, outreach.mla.org/mla-style.

In-Text Citations for MLA

When discussing sources that are non-print, i.e. conferences, presentations, webinars, include the presenter's or speaker's last names in the sentence:

  • Laura Kendrick shared her observations of the accolades Descamps paid to Chaucer in her keynote address.
  • Nophand brought forth a different argument about playwrights to the panel discussion.

For a paper or presentation from a published conference proceedings, use the standard author-page style:

  • (Cangas et al. 85)

If citing the published conference proceedings as a book, include the editor's last name as provided in the corresponding works cited entry and page number:

  • (Lytras et al. VI)